Studi Eksperimental Beton Geopolimer Sebagai Alternatif Semen Portland Dalam Mengurangi Emisi Karbon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69503/ije.v6i2.1630Keywords:
Beton Geopolimer, Emisi Karbon, Fly Ash, GGBS, Konstruksi BerkelanjutanAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja beton geopolimer sebagai alternatif semen Portland dalam mengurangi emisi karbon tanpa mengorbankan kekuatan mekanik. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratorium dengan variasi komposisi fly ash dan ground granulated blast furnace slag serta perbedaan metode curing. Pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan pada umur 7, 14, dan 28 hari, disertai estimasi emisi karbon menggunakan pendekatan Life Cycle Assessment. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kandungan GGBS mempercepat perkembangan kekuatan dan menghasilkan kuat tekan yang lebih tinggi, sementara fly ash berkontribusi terhadap penurunan emisi karbon. Metode heat curing meningkatkan kekuatan awal, namun ambient curing tetap menghasilkan performa yang kompetitif pada komposisi tertentu. Secara keseluruhan, beton geopolimer mampu menurunkan emisi karbon secara signifikan dibandingkan beton konvensional, dengan tetap mempertahankan kualitas struktural. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa optimasi komposisi material menjadi faktor kunci dalam mencapai keseimbangan antara kekuatan dan keberlanjutan, sehingga beton geopolimer layak dikembangkan sebagai material konstruksi ramah lingkungan.
References
Ahmed, A. (2025). Evaluating the Performance of Low Carbon GGBS & Metakaolin Geopolymer (Cement Free) Concrete: Impact of Binder Composition, Curing Methods, and Activator Ratios on Compressive Strength. J mate poly sci, 5(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.47485/2832-9384.1077
Ahmed, L. A. Q., Frayyeh, Q., & Abd Al Ameer, O. (2022). Geopolymer as a green concrete alternative to portland cement concrete: article review. Journal of Al-Farabi for Engineering Sciences, 1(1), 9-9. https://doi.org/10.59746/jfes.v1i1.16
Akhnoukh, A., & Sadique, M. (2024). Carbon footprint reduction using geopolymer concrete. Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction, 11(2), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.14455/isec.2024.11(2).aac-08
Amar, M., Ladduri, B., Alloul, A., Benzerzour, M., & Abriak, N. E. (2024). Geopolymer synthesis and performance paving the way for greener building material: A comprehensive study. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 20, e03280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2024.e03280
Dinh, H. L., Doh, J. H., Liu, J., Lu, L., Song, H., & Park, D. (2023). Comprehensive assessment of geopolymer concrete mechanical and environmental performance with glass cullet fine aggregates. Journal of Building Engineering, 76, 107094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2023.107094
Farrag, S., Abushammala, M. F. M., & Al-Balushi, I. (2024). Utilisation of industrial waste materials in the production of geopolymer concrete. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1347, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1347/1/012088
Gomes, K. C., Carvalho, M., Diniz, D. D. P., Abrantes, R. D. C. C., Branco, M. A., & Carvalho Junior, P. R. O. D. (2019). Carbon emissions associated with two types of foundations: CP-II Portland cement-based composite vs. geopolymer concrete. Matéria (Rio de Janeiro), 24(4), e12525. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-707620190004.0850
Gupta, A., & Rathore, H., (2024). Exploring the Role of Industrial By-products in Geopolymer Concrete: A Review of Durability and Structural Properties. Journal of Engineering Analysis and Design, 6(3), 13–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14124443
Jalal, P. S., Srivastava, V., & Tiwari, A. K. (2025). Geopolymer concrete: an alternative to conventional concrete for sustainable construction. J. Environ. Nanotechnol, 13(4), 218-225.. https://doi.org/10.13074/jent.2024.12.2441122
Joshi, M., & Rathore, H. (2024). Behavior and Performance of Geopolymer Concrete in Reinforced Concrete Structures: A Comprehensive Review. Journal of Advances in Geotechnical Engineering, 8(1), 8–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14512517
Liu, M., Dai, W., Jin, W., Li, M., Yang, X., Han, Y., & Huang, M. (2024). Mix proportion design and carbon emission assessment of high strength geopolymer concrete based on ternary solid waste. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 24989. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4687044/v1
Mushtaq, A., Ali, S., Chaudhry, A. H., Sial, N., Aslam, M., & Batool, H. (2025). Geopolymers as supplementary cementitious materials to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 24, 417-429. https://doi.org/10.46488/nept.2024.v24is1.033
Oumar, A. I. (2025). Review of geopolymer concrete: reaction mechanisms, mechanical behavior, and environmental benefits. J. Civil Eng. Urban, 15(1), 40-64. https://doi.org/10.54203/jceu.2025.4
Prasanthi, P., Rayabharapu, V. K., Rao, S. K., Supraja, A., & Vamshi, P. (2024, November). Mechanical performance and co2 footprint analysis: recycled aggregate polypropylene geopolymer concrete compared with conventional concrete. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1409(1), 012024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1409/1/012024
Rajesh, A. M., Joe, M. A., & Mammen, R. (2014). Study of the strength geopolymer concrete with alkaline solution of varying molarity. IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) ISSN (e), 2250-3021. https://doi.org/10.9790/3021-04611924
Sandeep, N. S., & Rao, B. K. (2024). An experimental study on high strength geopolymer concrete. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 12(12), 1617 – 1626. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.66089
Sorathiya, D. R., Khoker, P., & Sain, R. (2025). Study on the Effect of Geopolymer Concrete in Reducing Carbon Footprint. Momentum, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.64123/mijce.v1.i1.2
Tombeg, B. A., Tumpu, M., Lonan, T. P., & Sumajouw, J. A. J. (2025). Environmental performance evaluation of geopolymer concrete utilizing industrial by-products and recycled aggregates under variable thermal conditions. Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology, 26(9), 293-303. https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/209444
Upadhyay, D., Chanda, A., & Thakkar, S. (2023). Mixture design of high-strength geopolymer concrete. Materials Today: Proceedings, 93, 335-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.07.265
Vijayan, S., Velan, D. S., Bchatnia, A., Manikandan, S., (2025). Sustainable geopolymer concrete: Performance enhancement with fly ash, GGBS, and zeolite powder. FMDB Bridging Academic and Technology Through Research, 1(1), 45-56. https://doi.org/10.69888/ftssm.2025.000407
Won, K. (2024). Green Cement: Comparative Assessment of Portland Cement Alternatives to Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions. IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1109/isec61299.2024.10665010
Yantrapalli, S. K., Anand, P., Singh, S. D., B, V., Kushwaha, P., & Chauhan, A. S. (2026). Sustainable Alternatives in Construction: Harnessing Fly Ash, GGBS, and Predictive Modelling for Eco-Efficient Building Materials. Circular Economy and Sustainability, 6(2), 174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43615-026-00854-x
